KALNING (Kalning, Kalnins) Eduard fridrikhovich (Eduards Kalnins)

12 (25) October 1904 (Riga) — 18 мая 1988 (Riga)

Painter, graphic artist

he received his General education in the commercial school В. Олавса in Riga (1912-1917). During the First world war, he lived in Tomsk. He studied at the art Studio Е. О. Машкевича in Tomsk (1914-1918), then — at the Latvian art Academy in Riga (1922-1932) В. Е. Пурвита. In 1931 выполнил thesis — landscape "After the rain". Travelled to Germany (1928), Holland and Belgium (1930).

he Lived in Riga. Riga drew for the satirical magazine "Make" ("Scales", 1921). In 1934 participated in the competition "Rome award" of the Latvian Academy of arts; for the painting "Raftsmen (Rafters)" got 1-ю prize and the right to travel to Italy. In 1935-1937 работал in Italy.

In 1920-30-х painted landscapes, primarily marine, and thematic paintings; is often introduced in the landscape genre motifs. Executed a number of portraits and still lifes. Author paintings: "Cesvaine" (1927), "portrait of the artist Ф. И. Варславана" (1927), "the Old embankment of the Daugava river" (1930), "the Market in Dvinsk", "Daugava" (both — 1933), "the Thaw" (1934), "still life. Gifts of the sea" (1935-1936), "Venice", "Threshing" (both — 1936), "Fishermen from Lampertheim" (1937), "Butcher", "After fishing" (both — 1938), "Gypsy", "Barge" (both — 1939); series "Rome" (1936-1937), "Winter landscape" (1937-1938).

had a significant influence on the formation of socialist realism in Latvian painting. After 1945 created the theme of the painting "New sails" (1945), "Maneuvers of the fleet in the Baltic sea" (1947-1948), "On Mongolskom shipyard", "Harvesting potatoes" (both — 1949), "Fishermen" (1954), "a Stormy morning. The fishery in the Atlantic" (1955), "a Fishing harbour in Palermo" (1965), "the Yacht club" (1973); scenery: "on the waterfront" (1945), "Sunset" (1951), "the Seventh Baltic regatta" (1952), "Mood" (1953), "The sea" (1953), "Sunset" (1973), "On the Riga coast" (1976), "Spaces" (1979), "Windy night" (1983) and others.

For the painting "Latvian fishermen in the Atlantic" (1957) was awarded the bronze medal at the world exhibition in Brussels (1958); for the painting "the Storm on the Baltic sea" (1970) and "On the banks of the Baltic States" (1972) was awarded the gold medal of the USSR Academy of arts.

Performed a series of placards: "long live 1 Мая — international worker's day" (1946).

From 1924 — participated in exhibitions. A member and Exhibitor companies "Green crow" (1929-1940) and "Sadarbs" (1930-1939). Participated in exhibitions of the Society of independent artists (1924), Latvian art (1935, 1937, 1938), artists of Soviet Latvia (1948, 1953) in Riga; modern Latvian art (1934), all-Union art exhibitions (1947, 1961, 1967, 1969, 1972, 1973, 1980), "30 лет of the Soviet armed forces" (1948), works of artists of Litssr, Latvssr and Estssr (1954), all-Union exhibitions of artists-маринистов (1955, 1961) in Moscow and others. The Exhibitor of many international exhibitions: in Poland (1936), Italy (1956), East Germany (1961, 1977), Japan (1970, 1977), Bulgaria (1973), France (1977), India (1978). His personal exhibitions were held in Riga (1939, 1979, 1984), Moscow (1979, 1985).

he Taught at the Academy of arts of the Latvian SSR (1945 -); Professor (since 1955). Led creative workshops at the art Academies of Latvssr (1945) and the USSR (1980). Among his students: Б. А. Берзинь, Р. Х. Валнере, И. А. Заринь, Э. К. Илтнер.

For his activity was awarded the title of honored art worker Latvssr (1945), people's artist of Latvssr (1963), member of the Academy of arts of the USSR (1970), people's artist of the USSR (1975). Laureate of the State prize of Latvssr (1974).

a Memorial exhibition of the artist was held in Riga (1991).

Work is represented in many Museum collections, including the State Tretyakov gallery, the Latvian national Museum of art in Riga and other.